Artial septal defect is one of the most known congenital heart diseases. This defect occurs in the wall of the septum between the top areas of the hearts chamber that have holes. ASD is present from birth; children who have this disease will not have symptoms and complications until they enter adolescence period.
Artial septal defect may be discovered during check up and physical examination. The main method to detect and confirm ASD is Echocardiography or chest X-ray. This could be treated by an open heart surgery or non-surgical patch which uses a catheter.
The most common type of ASD is the Ostium Secundum Artial Septal Defect. This occurs between the right and left atrium in the center of the septum also called a patent foramen ovale and is extremely small. This comprises 6 to 10 percent of all congenital heart diseases. This defect usually arises from enlarged foramen ovale and excessive absorption of septum primum.
Most people with secundum ASD don't have significant symptoms in early adulthood. The usual symptoms of this defect are palpitations, syncope and easiness to get tired. A Secundum ASD complication includes artial fibrillation, stroke, flutter, Eisenmenger's syndrome and hypertension that is unusual before the age of 20s.
The Patent foramen ovale has a little hemodynamic result; it is a trace of the fetal foramen ovale. It is connected to paradoxical embolism, migraine and decompression sickness. There may not be any shunting of blood noted on echocardiography unless the patient coughs.
Ostium Primum Artial Septal Defect is also known as one of the most common types of ASD but is usually called as atrioventricular septal defect that can be found at the lower portion of artial septum. This often has a mitral valve defect which means stretched out hole at the leaflets that forms the mitral valve.
Sinus Venosus Artial Septal Defect is also type of ASD that is located in upper portion of the artial septum. This often has a pulmonary abnormality vein. It is connected to four pulmonary veins, two from the left lung and two from the right lung. With a sinus verosus, ASD might have an abnormality of the right lung pulmonary vein which is also called an anomalous pulmonary vein.
The common and single atrium is a malfunction of development in the embryologic mechanism which contributes to the artial septal compound. The types of Artial Septal Defect can be detected with the use of ultrasonography of the heart in the early age of childhood. Adults who have ASD defect can be detected with the use of chest X-ray and with the symptoms like stroke and heart failure. If you are experiencing any difficulty in breathing and palpitation is rather fast, go to your doctor and check if these symptoms are part of ASD.
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